Title:The composition of communication base station power system present situation and characteristics

With in 3 g business of commercial operators, the number of communication base station has the very big growth, distribution range is a few years ago also produced obvious expansion, while the equipment type and quantity of base station, also had the very big increasing.To the vast number of these communication base station maintenance workers caused a lot of pressure, from the professional maintenance workload of ratios analysis in the total amount of maintenance, the power equipment failure caused by the related maintenance workload accounted for about sixty percent of the above, looking for laws of base station power system fault occurs, for rapid and effective fault solution, improve the maintenance efficiency of communication base station, improve the quality of communication network has become a major carrier operations and communications service enterprise problems to be solved.This article from how to improve the communication base station power supply system of power supply security, reduce the failure rate of communication base station power supply system, do some discussions to improving the efficiency of the network, for the general communication base station maintenance personnel reference.

1.Communication base station power supply systemThe composition of the

The mobile communication industry base stations (hereinafter referred to as the base station) mainly rely on the primary equipment in the dc uninterruptible power system to provide the energy security (part stand by ac UPS power supply bureau, this article does not do description).Power supply system is composed of modular switch power supply and lead-acid battery, rated voltage level for the industry mainstream - 48 v.System design, according to the load capacity, the utility time availability, security, comprehensive consideration to the importance of the base station switching power supplies and supporting the capacity of the battery.

2. The current situation of the base station power system maintenance

Communication of high frequency switch power supply technology in recent years has been very mature, mainstream manufacturers of equipment in function, technical index and reliability have made very big progress, in environmental adaptability, energy saving, maintainability, intelligent, digital aspect has improved significantly.Base station with the combined use of switch power supply is more and more simple, less and less need to maintain and adjust the project, often just looking parameters, maintenance staff on the spot measure voltage, seems to don't think there is nothing to do.But the failure frequency of base station power supply system and not along with the ascension of the quality of switch power supply, fault maintenance required skills are not as intelligent equipment and corresponding reduced with the increase of maintainability.Instead, there are a number of power system fault need maintenance staff to have a more solid basic skills and rich experience can smoothly complete the maintenance task.

3.The characteristics of the base station power supply system

3.1 a huge number of base station is a wide range

Telecom restructuring has made major carriers have become the business operators, after the restructuring of the three operators invested heavily in the 3 g network construction.According to statistics, as of April 2010, the number of base stations three carriers respectively about: 550000 China mobile, China unicom, 400000;China telecom 300000 (data from China network).Communications industry more than 1.2 million the number of base stations, such a large scale distribution network in the vast land, the base station equipment maintenance facing unprecedented pressure.

3.2 base station conditions, communication power supply complex

Web full coverage is the focus of the competition for operators, transported to the base station building in the remote countryside, both sides of the road, on the top of the mountain, some base stations use rural, small hydropower, or borrow mine industrial electricity, often appear abnormal voltage fluctuation, power outages, such as fault, makes the base station power supply capacity and quality of power supply can't guarantee, availability of mains is very low, to the base station equipment maintenance caused great difficulties.

3.3 the tower commanding, lightning disasters

Mountains, wild of base station construction, making the lightning disasters frequent accidents caused by the base station communication.Tower is the tallest building in near base station location, commonly and tower has good charge transport ability, so in the process of thunder clouds form, the electric field distortion at the top of the Eiffel Tower is the most serious, the Eiffel Tower is the most easy to lead thunder.Powerful lightning flow through the tower into the underground, a huge electromagnetic field around the Eiffel Tower, induction of the overvoltage through various means of coupling to the equipment, base station communication power supply circuit, rf lead, 3 g, tower put the power cord, cable stiffener is induced over-voltage invasion of the channel.At the same time raise the potential of the lightning current release form of discharge is one of the base station equipment of the main causes of lightning strike damage.

4. The base station power system maintenance

Introduced the following we will separately from the mains, the lightning protection system, the host, battery, switch power supply environment and monitoring system of five aspects to provide some Suggestions for maintenance, hope to inspire the broad base station maintenance personnel and help.

4.1 the utility

Base station construction considering the shuttle introduced as far as possible, avoid the leakage protection switch is added to the routing, such as low pressure the distance is longer than the set up special transformer station is recommended.For base station mains failure frequency, shall be carried out in a decisive mains rectification, it is the precondition of all base station power system maintenance.Base station mains introduce if share line with mines, factories need to pay attention to in the maintenance operating overvoltage in power supply circuit and voltage abnormal fluctuations.Has been caused by quarry chainsaw startup base station SPD and frequent fault of switch power supply equipment.In case of maintenance of base station mains in good condition at ordinary times, but often unexplained damage, the front-end equipment maintenance personnel need to check the peripheral electricity environment, the influence of it in our current maintenance of not doing enough.

The zero line of the mains must ensure that reliable access, quite a number of base station mains failure is caused by the zero line fault.Overhead line and the introduction of the connection between the copper cable must be used special joint, pressure and anticorrosive processing, to prevent joint was bare for a long time in the outdoor corrosion form zero deficiency, avoid the zero line contact impact base station power supply security.

Ac distribution box, should be inspected regularly to prevent loose connection, regularly test load current base station communication, check the set values for the input switch Settings are reasonable.

4.2 the lightning protection system

Base station is the most vulnerable to lightning of the communication network, the base station lightning protection is the key and difficult point for lightning protection communication industry.Because of the characteristic of the base station, a few direct lightning damage to the base station equipment, we are resisting the inductive thunderbolt at the point of lightning protection is.Lightning, lightning overvoltage coupling through various pathways to equipment, port equipment and wiring between lightning overvoltage tolerance level of more than equipment, can cause damage of equipment.In the process of the design of the base station will give full consideration to the demand of the lightning protection, we need to pay attention to in the later maintenance base station lightning protection effect.That the base station lightning strike damage frequently, need to please a qualified unit for exploration and test, puts forward corresponding solutions, with rectification.Lightning is a systems engineering, the SPD alone or reduce the grounding resistance is not solve the problem.

Maintenance personnel need to be in accordance with the maintenance regulations, regularly measuring grounding resistance, the requirements of the current industry standard docking ground resistance have been relaxed, proved blindly reduce the grounding resistance is not directly help to improve base station lightning protection effect.

Maintenance personnel should regularly check the normative and reliability of the equipotential connection, this is very important, but often overlooked.Happen in another base station maintenance SPD fire accident caused serious communication, need to check the status of the SPD regularly in maintenance, conditional word to use instrument regularly test the performance of the SPD module, found abnormal replaced immediately.

4.3 switch power supply

Switching power supply is the core of the base station power supply system, traffic industry into the net of switch power supply has high reliability (MTBF), but the availability and network security system, we should focus on system reliability and at the same time in the maintenance of repairable system, efforts to reduce the repair time of the system.Switch power supply failure and the grid quality, line overvoltage, computer room environment and the quality of the product itself has a lot to do.Daily maintenance advice on a regular basis to test the base station power supply, including the function and performance testing, regularly every year to dust removal process of air-cooled module, effective routine maintenance can greatly reduce the failure rate of power equipment.Zhong da electric flux can provide similar testing and maintenance services to the customers.

Rescue team to strictly technical training and certification, avoid causing secondary fault in repair and personal injury.Can be built based on a factory 24 hours emergency repair linkage mechanism, reasonable arrangement of the spare parts inventory under the guidance of professional manufacturers, to define the failure accident contingency plans to achieve scientific management.

Switching power supply is one of the most vulnerable to lightning equipment, 3 g base station on the tower to do well in lightning protection on the basis of the original power line protection.

Since 2008, the power supply manufacturer for base station power supply developed the function of performance management, it is worth noting that the function of design must make the pledge that we shall in any case at least two modules in the normal output.Zhong da electric flux in switching power supply management software has been done on the effectiveness of the design, the user can be at ease use.

4.4 the battery

Battery is the last line of defense of base station power system, its importance is self-evident, but the maintenance of base station battery has been one of the biggest problem in industry.The maintenance of the battery is given priority to with daily inspection and predictive maintenance.In particular is to periodically check the battery discharge test and capacity test, then according to the result of the test battery for replacement and repair processing.

The health of the battery and machine room environment, the switch power supply, battery management function, utility the availability and quality of the battery itself has a lot to do, maintenance should focus on the above link at the same time.

To strictly prevent overcharge and the use of the storage battery charging, with both charge demand brands of batteries to be accurately set according to the requirement of the specifications are filling parameters.

Under the base station power system mostly have a secondary electric load management function, should be combined with the base station transmission after load, the importance of mains availability, battery capacity and the secondary load capacity to plan as a whole to consider secondary electric voltage value, so is not recommended by the same standard setting.

The influence of environment temperature on the performance and battery life important.Because of bad condition of base station mains tend to peak in the summer, normal operation of the mains voltage instability caused by air conditioning, make the room temperature exceeds bid badly, environment temperature 10 degrees, is to adjust the charging voltage, the battery life will shorten the half.So, we need the temperature compensation of charging voltage setting, in order to avoid overcharge under high temperature and low temperature owed to charge.Compensation of the reference temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, the parameters of the compensation need to refer the battery instruction set.

Find bad battery replacement as soon as possible, otherwise it will cause the whole battery capacity decline further will cause communication trouble, change to consider when using similar batch of battery.Spare batteries can be in the daily maintenance and equipment replacement and unified management, different brand, different types and different capacity of the battery it is forbidden to mix.

4.5 environment and monitoring system

Above has talked about the importance of keep the room temperature for storage battery, computer room dust will also power equipment and main equipment have a big impact, in completes the maintenance work at the same time we must keep the room clean.

In recent years, the prevalence rate of base station monitoring system, had the very big enhancement, maintenance personnel should make full use of monitoring and control system, ensure the effective operation of the monitoring system, make it become an effective tool to ease the pressure on maintenance.

5. Conclusion

Maintenance of base station power supply system is a lot of work and painfully boring work.Should be done before the failure maintenance and repair, the combination of hidden trouble to find combined with rectification, exercise the maintenance team in the maintenance practice, improve maintenance personnel maintenance skills, can easily cope with more and more heavy base station maintenance requirements.In recent years, zhong da electric flux according to the characteristics of the maintenance of base station power supply has launched a series of service products, dongguan group automation equipment co., LTD will be adhering to the concept of initiative maintenance, preventive maintenance to the reliable operation of the communication network for the customer to provide the most effective guarantee.